This file was created by the Typo3 extension sevenpack version 0.7.16 --- Timezone: CET Creation date: 2024-12-03 Creation time: 18-27-13 --- Number of references 10 article Raeth2014 Appl. Phys. A 2014 117 3 1041-1044 Refractive index changes &Delta;n in lithium niobate crystals upon irradiation with high-energy protons, deuterons, ³He, and ⁴&alpha; particles (up to 14 MeV/nucleon) are created, and the accompanying, unwanted nuclear activation is investigated. The measurements give answers to the question which ion is the best choice depending on the requirements: largest values of &Delta;n are achieved with ⁴&alpha; particles, low nuclear activation with deuterons, or the best tradeoff between &Delta;n and activation with ³He, respectively. linbo http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00339-014-8524-y 10.1007/s00339-014-8524-y N. L.Raeth J.Goetze K.Peithmann K.Maier article ISI:000292331200101 J. Appl. Phys. 2011 109 12 124104 Radiation damage in magnesium-doped lithium niobate crystals, created by low-mass, high-energy ions which have transmitted the entire crystal thickness, leads to an enhanced electrical dark conductivity as well as an enhanced photoconductivity. Experimental results on the electrical properties after ion exposure are given, and an asymmetric dependence of the conductivity as well as refractive index changes on the irradiation geometry with respect to the ferroelectric axis is revealed. linbo http://jap.aip.org/resource/1/japiau/v109/i12/p124104_s1 0021-8979 10.1063/1.3596824 L.Jentjens N. L.Raeth K.Peithmann K.Maier article springerlink:10.1007/s00340-011-4681-2 Appl. Phys. B: Lasers Opt. 2011 105 1 113-127 Ferroelectric lithium niobate crystals offer a great potential for applications in modern optics. To provide powerful optical components, tailoring of key material parameters, especially of the refractive index n and the ferroelectric domain landscape, is required. Irradiation of lithium niobate crystals with accelerated ions causes strong structured modifications in the material. The effects induced by low-mass, high-energy ions (such as ³He with 41 MeV, which are not implanted, but transmit through the entire crystal volume) are reviewed. Irradiation yields large changes of the refractive index &Delta;n , improved domain engineering capability within the material along the ion track, and waveguiding structures. The periodic modification of &Delta;n as well as the formation of periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) (supported by radiation damage) is described. Two-step knock-on displacement processes, 3 He&rarr;Nb and 3 He&rarr;O causing thermal spikes, are identified as origin for the material modifications. Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Nussallee 14–16, 53115 Bonn, Germany linbo http://www.springerlink.com/content/c624u15604046572/ Springer Berlin / Heidelberg 0946-2171 10.1007/s00340-011-4681-2 K.Peithmann P.-D.Eversheim J.Goetze M.Haaks H.Hattermann S.Haubrich F.Hinterberger L.Jentjens W.Mader N. L.Raeth H.Schmid M.-R.Zamani-Meymian K.Maier article Zamani-Meymian2010 Appl. Phys. A 2010 98 4 909-912 Irradiation of congruently melting, nominally undoped lithium niobate crystals (LiNbO3) with high-energy, low-mass ³He ions, which are transmitted through the crystal, causes large and stable changes of the refractive index. In the irradiated regions, the extraordinary index is increased whereas the ordinary index is diminished. The decay of these changes upon annealing treatments up to 400°C is investigated, exhibiting a strongly non-monoexponential decay behaviour. Long-term measurements of the refractive index changes yield no pattern erasure on a timescale of four years. linbo http://www.springerlink.com/content/310746l53235q1t4/ <prt>SPRINGER</prt>

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<prt>Article</prt> 0947-8396 10.1007/s00339-009-5475-9 M.-R.Zamani-Meymian L.Jentjens N. L.Raeth K.Peithmann K.Maier article Zamani-Meymian2009 J. Phys. Condensed Matter 2009 21 7 075402 Congruently melting undoped lithium niobate crystals are irradiated with 20 MeV3 He ions which penetrate the entire crystal volume. Radiation damage effects are directly visualized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) where damage zones with diameters of 4 nm give rise to circular Fresnel fringe contrasts. These regions of modified material, appearing circular in cross-section, are interpreted as damage cascades inflicted by fast Nb and O atoms displaced in knock-on collisions with primary He-3 ions. This two-step displacement process results in local density changes manifested by the contrast behaviour of Fresnel fringes observed in TEM images. linbo http://iopscience.iop.org/0953-8984/21/7/075402/ <prt>IOP PUBLISHING LTD</prt>

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<prt>Article</prt> <prt>0953-8984</prt> <prt>10.1088/0953-8984/21/7/075402</prt> M.-R.Zamani-Meymian K.Peithmann K.Maier H.Schmid W.Mader article springerlink:10.1007/s00340-009-3496-x Appl. Phys. B: Lasers Opt. 2009 95 3 441-445 Irradiation of 5% magnesium-doped lithium niobate crystals (LiNbO 3 :Mg) with high-energy, low-mass 3 He ions, which are transmitted through the crystal, changes the domain reversal properties of the material. This enables easier domain engineering compared to non-irradiated material and assists the formation of small-sized periodically poled domains in LiNbO 3 :Mg. Periodic domain structures exhibiting a width of ≈520 nm are obtained in radiation-damaged sections of the crystals. The ferroelectric poling behavior between irradiated and non-treated material is compared. Universität Bonn Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik Nussallee 14-16 53115 Bonn Germany linbo http://www.springerlink.com/content/c624u15604046572/ Springer Berlin / Heidelberg 0946-2171 10.1007/s00340-009-3496-x L.Jentjens K.Peithmann K.Maier H.Steigerwald T.Jungk article Jentjens2008 J. Appl. Phys. 2008 103 3 034104 linbo http://link.aip.org/link/?JAP/103/034104/1 AIP 10.1063/1.2838207 L.Jentjens H.Hattermann K.Peithmann M.Haaks K.Maier M.Kösters article Peithmann2006b Appl. Phys. B 2006 82 3 419-422 Irradiation of lithium-niobate crystals (LiNbO3) with fast, high-energy 3He ions changes the refractive index in the interaction region where the ions speed through the material. Thus an inhomogeneous flux density profile can be used for a tailored modification of the optical properties of LiNbO3 crystals, without employing ion implantation. A new method to fabricate embedded, polarization sensitive channel waveguides in LiNbO3 utilizing accelerated 3He ions with an energy of 40 MeV is demonstrated. linbo http://www.springerlink.com/content/ymmmw7g171131779/ 10.1007/s00340-005-2002-3 K.Peithmann M.-R.Zamani-Meymian M.Haaks K.Maier B.Andreas K.Buse H.Modrow article Peithmann2006a J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 2006 23 10 2107-2112 Irradiation of lithium niobate crystals with 41 MeV ³He ions causes strong changes of the ordinary and extraordinary refractive indexes. We present a detailed study of this effect. Small fluence of irradiation already yields refractive index changes about 5×10⁻⁴; the highest values reach 3×10⁻³. These index modulations are stable up to 100°C and can be erased thermally, for which temperatures up to 500°C are required. A direct correlation between the refractive index changes and the produced lattice vacancies is found. linbo http://www.opticsinfobase.org/abstract.cfm?URI=josab-23-10-2107 10.1364/JOSAB.23.002107 K.Peithmann M.-R.Zamani-Meymian M.Haaks K.Maier B.Andreas I.Breunig article Andreas2004 Appl. Phys. Lett. 2004 84 19 3813 We report reductions of the refractive index of congruently melting lithium niobate crystals of up to 6×10⁻³ by exposure of z-cut samples with high-energy ⁴He²⁺ and D⁺ particles which are transmitted through the crystals. linbo http://apl.aip.org/resource/1/applab/v84/i19/p3813_s1 10.1063/1.1741031 B.Andreas K.Peithmann K.Buse K.Maier